Global health
Global health is the health of populations in a global context and transcends the perspectives and concerns of individual nations. Health problems that transcend national borders or have a global political and economic impact, are often emphasized. It has been defined as 'the area of study, research and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide'. Thus, global health is about worldwide improvement of health, reduction of disparities, and protection against global threats that disregard national borders. The application of these principles to the domain of mental health is called Global Mental Health.
The major international agency for health is the World Health Organization (WHO). Other important agencies with impact on global health activities include UNICEF, World Food Programme (WFP) and the World Bank. A major initiative for improved global health is the United Nations Millennium Declaration and the globally endorsed Millennium Development Goals.
Source: http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_health?wasRedirected=true
Tuesday, November 30, 2010
Sunday, November 28, 2010
Malaria x 37! Field Report from a Survivor...
The Man Who Got Malaria 37 Times
Doctors diagnosed filaria, typhoid, gastroenteritis, and even advised a shrink. But having had malaria so many times, Rauf Ali, far from dreading the disease, now finds that it is ‘not bad at all’.
Rauf Ali is a wildlife researcher associated with the NGO Feral. He works in the Western Ghats and the Andaman & Nicobar islands.
BY Rauf Ali
Let’s not count the six-seven bouts in Thailand. If one works in a rainforest, one expects to get malaria. Besides, my office was down the corridor from the malaria researchers in the university.
Almost two decades later, I was doing a survey of elephants on Interview Island. Located in the northern part of Andaman Islands, it takes about three hours by boat to get there, the last bit being over very choppy seas. Literally out of the blue, my feet got swollen, making it difficult to walk. After three days of this, I decided that it might be worth seeing a doctor.
There was only one doctor for the entire area, and people told me he was fantastic. “You’ve got filaria,” he said. He also asked me whether I “partook of alcohol”. I watched him write on my case history, ‘self-confessed alcoholic’. I took the pills he gave me, and went back to Interview. A week later, I was back there, with no change on the foot front, and panic attacks to boot.
You’ve gone mad, he told me. Better go to Port Blair and see a shrink. I’ll spare the sensitivities of the reader by omitting the gory details of the trip back. I decided to go to the doctor we usually went to, at a mission hospital. She diagnosed me with gastroenteritis, and prescribed medicines. What about the panic attacks? A good old tranquiliser was advised. I liked this so much that I forced myself to stop taking it, fearing yet another addiction.
A month went by, with the foot swellings still not gone, and the panic attacks continuing. Finally, the fever arrived as well. Back to the mission hospital, and this time the diagnosis was typhoid. Heavy antibiotics were prescribed and consumed. But to no effect. Doctors are such morons.
After a few more days, a friend in the Navy looked me up and insisted that I go to the Navy Hospital. I was given malaria pills even before the results came in, and this time the diagnosis was spot on. Two days later, I was totally normal.
I’ve had malaria 30 more times after this, because I used to be allergic to the drug that is supposed to flush it out of the liver. A doctor at the Vector Control Research Centre in Pondicherry solved the problem using some unorthodox dosages, but that’s another story.
I had got infected in Nicobar. I wish I’d shown the symptoms there originally. It is possibly one of the best places in the world to get treated for malaria. The average doctor there sees more malaria cases in a week than a doctor elsewhere sees in a lifetime. Here, in mainland India, when I see them reaching for the textbook, I know I’m in trouble again.
My colleagues in the Nicobars also suffered. Ravi Sankaran would always get falciparum malaria, the nastier of the two types, and end up in hospital. Manish Chandi also got treated for typhoid, and was critically ill by the time a correct diagnosis was made, again by a Navy doctor.
Okay, and I’ve also managed to get re-infected. People ask, ‘Why don’t you take the pill?’ Try looking up the side effects.... headache, stomache ache, nausea, depression, anxiety, loss of hearing, insomnia and ‘vivid dreams’ (that is, when you can sleep). On balance, I’d prefer getting the disease. It’s not bad at all, provided you catch it early. The inability to eat and the anxiety attacks work pretty well as indicators in the Andamans. The cyclical fever, which doctors tend to put their faith in, isn’t a very reliable indicator, since it’s often absent.
The 37th time was almost as traumatic as the first. I was packing to board the Port Blair-Chennai flight when that familiar feeling of dread descended. Three hours later, after that familiar chloroquine rush, I was fine, but the flight had left. Try getting out of the islands at short notice during the tourist season. It is expensive!
There are two common forms of malaria that occur in India: one is vivax, which is the form I get. This infects only immature red blood cells and it is pretty easy to wipe it out in the blood. The liver, however, is a different matter, and another drug is required for this over a length of time. The second form, known as falciparum malaria or cerebral malaria partly due to the insane headaches it causes, affects mature cells. It can be easily treated; but if not treated quickly, it can kill.
What of the mosquito? The female lays the eggs in water. These hatch and grow up in this water. The female goes out and mates. She then needs a blood meal before she can lay her eggs: and this is where the problems of mosquito bites and malaria start. She then needs to repeat the cycle before biting someone again, and the chances of survival from one cycle to the next are minuscule—this is why we’re not all suffering from malaria! For the record, the male mosquito is a peaceful vegetarian who goes through life sipping plant juices.
Not at all appreciated is the fact that mosquito control, especially in urban areas, does not need too much more research. It is an environmental problem, and mosquitoes can be reduced, even eliminated, by a few simple procedures. These involve eliminating the sources of water in which mosquitoes breed. Make sure the drains in your area are covered; make sure there are no bits of broken pots or containers where water has accumulated; makes sure the vents coming from septic tanks are covered with mosquito mesh. The guidelines put out by the health department after the chikungunya scare a couple of years ago are valid for any mosquito.
Doctors diagnosed filaria, typhoid, gastroenteritis, and even advised a shrink. But having had malaria so many times, Rauf Ali, far from dreading the disease, now finds that it is ‘not bad at all’.
Rauf Ali is a wildlife researcher associated with the NGO Feral. He works in the Western Ghats and the Andaman & Nicobar islands.
BY Rauf Ali
Let’s not count the six-seven bouts in Thailand. If one works in a rainforest, one expects to get malaria. Besides, my office was down the corridor from the malaria researchers in the university.
Almost two decades later, I was doing a survey of elephants on Interview Island. Located in the northern part of Andaman Islands, it takes about three hours by boat to get there, the last bit being over very choppy seas. Literally out of the blue, my feet got swollen, making it difficult to walk. After three days of this, I decided that it might be worth seeing a doctor.
There was only one doctor for the entire area, and people told me he was fantastic. “You’ve got filaria,” he said. He also asked me whether I “partook of alcohol”. I watched him write on my case history, ‘self-confessed alcoholic’. I took the pills he gave me, and went back to Interview. A week later, I was back there, with no change on the foot front, and panic attacks to boot.
You’ve gone mad, he told me. Better go to Port Blair and see a shrink. I’ll spare the sensitivities of the reader by omitting the gory details of the trip back. I decided to go to the doctor we usually went to, at a mission hospital. She diagnosed me with gastroenteritis, and prescribed medicines. What about the panic attacks? A good old tranquiliser was advised. I liked this so much that I forced myself to stop taking it, fearing yet another addiction.
A month went by, with the foot swellings still not gone, and the panic attacks continuing. Finally, the fever arrived as well. Back to the mission hospital, and this time the diagnosis was typhoid. Heavy antibiotics were prescribed and consumed. But to no effect. Doctors are such morons.
After a few more days, a friend in the Navy looked me up and insisted that I go to the Navy Hospital. I was given malaria pills even before the results came in, and this time the diagnosis was spot on. Two days later, I was totally normal.
I’ve had malaria 30 more times after this, because I used to be allergic to the drug that is supposed to flush it out of the liver. A doctor at the Vector Control Research Centre in Pondicherry solved the problem using some unorthodox dosages, but that’s another story.
I had got infected in Nicobar. I wish I’d shown the symptoms there originally. It is possibly one of the best places in the world to get treated for malaria. The average doctor there sees more malaria cases in a week than a doctor elsewhere sees in a lifetime. Here, in mainland India, when I see them reaching for the textbook, I know I’m in trouble again.
My colleagues in the Nicobars also suffered. Ravi Sankaran would always get falciparum malaria, the nastier of the two types, and end up in hospital. Manish Chandi also got treated for typhoid, and was critically ill by the time a correct diagnosis was made, again by a Navy doctor.
Okay, and I’ve also managed to get re-infected. People ask, ‘Why don’t you take the pill?’ Try looking up the side effects.... headache, stomache ache, nausea, depression, anxiety, loss of hearing, insomnia and ‘vivid dreams’ (that is, when you can sleep). On balance, I’d prefer getting the disease. It’s not bad at all, provided you catch it early. The inability to eat and the anxiety attacks work pretty well as indicators in the Andamans. The cyclical fever, which doctors tend to put their faith in, isn’t a very reliable indicator, since it’s often absent.
The 37th time was almost as traumatic as the first. I was packing to board the Port Blair-Chennai flight when that familiar feeling of dread descended. Three hours later, after that familiar chloroquine rush, I was fine, but the flight had left. Try getting out of the islands at short notice during the tourist season. It is expensive!
There are two common forms of malaria that occur in India: one is vivax, which is the form I get. This infects only immature red blood cells and it is pretty easy to wipe it out in the blood. The liver, however, is a different matter, and another drug is required for this over a length of time. The second form, known as falciparum malaria or cerebral malaria partly due to the insane headaches it causes, affects mature cells. It can be easily treated; but if not treated quickly, it can kill.
What of the mosquito? The female lays the eggs in water. These hatch and grow up in this water. The female goes out and mates. She then needs a blood meal before she can lay her eggs: and this is where the problems of mosquito bites and malaria start. She then needs to repeat the cycle before biting someone again, and the chances of survival from one cycle to the next are minuscule—this is why we’re not all suffering from malaria! For the record, the male mosquito is a peaceful vegetarian who goes through life sipping plant juices.
Not at all appreciated is the fact that mosquito control, especially in urban areas, does not need too much more research. It is an environmental problem, and mosquitoes can be reduced, even eliminated, by a few simple procedures. These involve eliminating the sources of water in which mosquitoes breed. Make sure the drains in your area are covered; make sure there are no bits of broken pots or containers where water has accumulated; makes sure the vents coming from septic tanks are covered with mosquito mesh. The guidelines put out by the health department after the chikungunya scare a couple of years ago are valid for any mosquito.
Saturday, November 27, 2010
Australian National Rotarians Against Malaria (RAM) Newsletter
Volume 2 Number 2
My Rotary friends and friends of Rotary.
Doesn’t time go quickly when you’re having fun! Christmas is just around the corner and 2010 is fast coming to an end.
As you will see in another section of this Newsletter, we have set the date for the 2011
Conference and meeting at Caboolture. Please put the date in your diaries now.
I continue to be heartened by the continuing support by Rotary clubs for the Adopt A Village program. I’m sure it’s been said hundreds of times, but I’ll say it again – we know that sleeping under Long Lasting Insecticide Treated Nets works. If ever you want evidence of that go toe the Rotary Club of Port Moresby’s Rotarians Against Malaria website and read about what happened in Kikori Province
Something else that I find heartening, and also very exciting, are increasing numbers of reports in the literature on research being conducted into alleviating, or addressing, the ravages of malaria. Some of you would have read an article in the Scientific American (Nov 2010) that was recently circulated by one of our number on work towards our Holy Grail – a vaccine. I have included an item in this Newsletter about research being conducted here at the Australian National University
Some very good news regarding the extension of the Adopt A Village program to Timor L’este. Thanks to the efforts of a couple of people, Daryl Mills, the RAWCS representative in Timor L’este, and PDG Phil Dempster, District 9550 and RAM Deputy Chair, who have travelled to Timor L’este a number of times on this subject, we’re starting to get somewhere. We’ve received some positive information from the Timor L’este Ministry of Health and are pursuing this at present. You will be kept informed of progress.
It’s also time to start thinking about the next Malaria Awareness Day – 30 April 2011.
As this will be the last Newsletter for 2010, may I wish you all - you and your families - a very Merry Christmas and a happy, healthy, safe and successful 2011.
Ian Sayers
Chairman
Chairman
NATIONAL RAM, AUSTRALIA
ROTARY INTERNATIONAL
Book Review – Fever by Sonia Shah
This review is based on one published in The Canberra Times, Panorama, 31 Jul 2010. Ian Sayers owns the book and what follows is a combination of his, and The Canberra
This book, published by Allen & Unwin, subtitled, How Malaria has Ruled Humankind for 500,000 Years, is a very interesting read. It tells us much of what we, as dedicated Rotarians Against Malaria already know, but adds much more.
The historical aspects of malaria over the centuries are very interesting as is her coverage, albeit fairly briefly, but nevertheless succinctly of the problems during the World Wars. Shah reminds us that every single soldier in the US American Division sent to Guadalcanal in 1942 came down with malaria, some more than once. As she says, “overall malaria sickened 60 per cent of Allied troops in Southeast Asia ”. We also learn from her of the author, Theodor Seuss Geisel, aka Dr Suess, using his talents to educate the troops on anti-malarial measure. Anyone interested in pursuing what Dr Suess wrote can go to - http://www.sel.barc.usda.gov/diptera/ann_text.html .
For those who want to learn more about this disease we work with, Fever is worth looking for in your library.
Australian War Memorial Malaria Exhibition
The refurbished World War 2 Galleries at the Australian War Memorial in Canberra contain a small exhibition on malaria and its impact in the Island campaigns of World War 2. In June 1943, there were 25,000 Australian servicemen with malaria. General Blamey order Colonel Neil Fairley to set up the Allied Land Headquarters Medical Research Unit at Cairns
The exhibition consists of a dozen or so paintings and drawings, many by the first female official war artist, Nora Heysen.
It’s an interesting, although very small, exhibition and if you happen to be at the Australian War Memorial check it out in the World War 2 Galleries.
Pakistan Floods and Global Fund Action
Over recent months many of us have been asked about the situation in Pakistan
In the aftermath of the massive flooding that hitPakistan
In the aftermath of the massive flooding that hit
· Merlin UK
· The World Health Organization (WHO) organized an emergency shipment of ACTs and RDTs from Afghanistan
· The Global Fund Secretariat arranged for an emergency supply of long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets (LLINs).
· The Secretariat approved the use of a new strategy (within the parameters of an existing grant) to conduct community-based tuberculosis community-based outreach events in the internally displaced person (IDP) camps of the affected districts. The events involve Mercy Corps, the principal recipient, delivering messages on health and hygiene, and providing essential supplies of dry food items.
· With support from the WHO, the National Tuberculosis Control Programme of Pakistan established a number of health posts at IDP camps to provide ongoing tuberculosis care and support services to assist Global Fund-financed programmes. A core element of the work in these camps is the tracking of patients in affected areas to ensure continuation of anti-tuberculosis treatment.
Malaria researcher wins major science prize
Article Courtesy ANU News, 25 August 2010.
An ANU researcher has won her second major award in as many weeks with the announcement of the L’Oréal
and Principal Investigator at the Research School of Biology at ANU and the
Fellowship at an awards ceremony in
Dr Martin’s research looks at drug resistance in the malaria parasite. The emergence of malaria parasites that are resistant to cheap antimalarial drugs, like chloroquine, has been a disaster for world health. Dr Martin’s work shows how this resistance can be caused by small changes in a parasite protein and how this mechanism can be overcome.
Dr Martin said that it was an honour to win one of the fellowships and the $20,000 in prize money will go a long way towards funding further research into the disease. “Receiving the L’Oréal Fellowship is a great honour. The money will help me develop my career as an independent researcher and build my research team,” she said.
“Malaria places immense economic burdens on affected countries. It isn’t just associated with poverty; it is a cause of poverty. We will be using new tools such as “metabolomics” to investigate the normal function of the chloroquine-fighting protein and how to inhibit it.”
ANU Vice-Chancellor Professor Ian Chubb congratulated Dr Martin on her fellowship describing her research as ground-breaking. “This award recognises the excellent contribution that Dr Martin has made in the field of malaria treatment,” Professor Chubb said.
“Her research will make a lasting a difference to the lives of the many millions of people living in some of the poorest places on the planet.”
The L’Oréal Australia for Women in Science Fellowships awards $20,000 Fellowships for early-career women scientists to consolidate their careers and rise to leadership positions in science. The Fellowships are awarded to women who have shown scientific excellence in their career to date.
Early this month Dr Martin’s research was awarded the inaugural
Recently he attended a meeting of the PIRMCCM Executive Committee in Fiji and during the meeting assisted the Solomon Islands Director of Malaria Services, Albino Bobogare; to present a detailed progress report on malaria control activities in SI and Vanuatu
· 360000 LLNs were received in Honiara
· All of these nets have been distributed to Provincial and regional centres, stored in the warehouses constructed by Rotary volunteers under the RAM program. Without these warehouses the distribution program would have bogged down.
· More than 200000 of these nets have already been distributed to householders.
· Extensive household spraying (IRS – Indoor Residual Spraying) has taken place using the latest long-life insecticide. This tends to be in “hot-spots” where surveys have indicated higher than normal malaria incidence.
· Education programs have been undertaken in many schools and community groups. Rotary has sponsored radio and TV education material (3H project in Honiara
· Community awareness committees have been introduced in many Provinces and tools provided by Rotary to allow clean-up activities.
· Treatment using ACT has been widely used with great success.
· Surveillance and reporting has been improved greatly. Various reports required by the Global Fund and others have been submitted on time with much improved accuracy.
· The infrastructure program is progressing well with the exception of the staff housing in Honiara
· RAM has been involved with a boat builder in Queensland
· Staff recruitment and training programs have resulted in a much-improved performance at Headquarter and Provincial levels.
· The introduction of the Malaria Steering Committee allowing all stake-holders to participate in planning and implementation processes has greatly improved the effectiveness of the control program and the elimination project in Temotu and Isabel Provinces PDG Wayne Morris represents RAM on this committee
· The program in Vanuatu
· Collection of information for the smooth preparation of the Malaria Rolling Continuous Channel Round 2 funding request is underway. (Editor’s comment: This is a Global Fund term for the method of funding. In reality it means the Global Fund is very happy with the administration of its Grants in the Solomons). It is anticipated that the request will be ready by due date.
Reserve the Date:
RAM National Conference, 2011.
Date: Weekend 14-15 May 2011
Place: St Columban’s Catholic Secondary College
“If you think you're too small to make a difference, try sleeping in a room with an active mosquito.”
Thanks to RI President Ray Klinginsmith and Cowboy Logic
Sponsorship
We acknowledge and sincerely thank Vestergaard Frandsen for their most generous financial support of Malaria Awareness Day 2010.
Vestergaard Frandsen philosophy includes the development of innovative products that prevent the transmission of waterborne and vector-borne diseases in developing countries. They are especially interested in addressing a class of diseases called the Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD), which kill many of the most vulnerable people on earth.
Turning commitment into action, amongst the products they have developed is PermaNet – a Long Lasting Insecticide Treated Mosquito Net.
This newsletter has been produced by PDG Ian Sayers, Chairman RAM Committee (Australia
Email: isa34235@bigpond.net.au
Contributions and comments are welcome.
Parasitic Diseases: Latest Research, November 2010.
1. AMEDEO Parasitic Diseases
2010-11-29
________________ ** New articles ** _________________
1. ASAHI H, Izumiyama S, Tolba ME, Kwansa-Bentum B, et al.
Plasmodium falciparum: Differing effects of nonesterified fatty acids and phospholipids on intraerythrocytic growth in serum-free medium.
Exp Parasitol. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
2. WERE T, Davenport GC, Hittner JB, Ouma C, et al.
Bacteremia in Kenyan Children with Malaria Presenting at a Rural Hospital in a Holoendemic Plasmodium falciparum Transmission Area.
J Clin Microbiol. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
3. FARIA MS, Reis FC, Azevedo-Pereira RL, Morrison LS, et al.
Leishmania Inhibitor of Serine Peptidase 2 Prevents TLR4 Activation by Neutrophil Elastase Promoting Parasite Survival in Murine Macrophages.
J Immunol. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
4. TUON FF, Fernandes ER, Pagliari C, Duarte MI, et al.
The expression of TLR9 in human cutaneous leishmaniasis is associated with granuloma.
Parasite Immunol. 2010;32.
ABSTRACT available
5. SCHRODER WA, Gardner J, Le TT, Duke M, et al.
SerpinB2 deficiency modulates Th1Th2 responses after schistosome infection.
Parasite Immunol. 2010;32.
ABSTRACT available
_____________________ ** End ** ______________________
We have screened the following journals for you:
Acta Cytol
Am J Gastroenterol
Am J Trop Med Hyg
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
Br J Dermatol
Br J Haematol
Clin Infect Dis
Epidemiol Infect
Eur J Immunol
Exp Parasitol
Infect Immun
Int J Parasitol
J Clin Microbiol
J Eukaryot Microbiol
J Exp Med
J Immunol
J Infect Dis
J Parasitol
JAMA
Lancet
N Engl J Med
Nat Med
Nature
Neurology
Parasite Immunol
Parasitology
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Science
Trop Med Int Health
_________________________________________________________
Bacterial Infections and Mycoses: Latest Research November 2010
1. AMEDEO Bacterial Infections and Mycoses http://www.amedeo.com
2010-11-29
________________ ** New articles ** _________________
1. BUCHAN BW, Ledeboer NA.
Identification of Two Borderline Oxacillin-Resistant Strains of Staphylococcus aureus From Routine Nares Swab Specimens by One of Three Chromogenic Agars Evaluated for the Detection of MRSA.
Am J Clin Pathol. 2010;134:921-7.
ABSTRACT available
2. SUZUKI T, Swoboda JG, Campbell J, Walker S, et al.
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Wall Teichoic Acid Biosynthesis Inhibitors against Staphylococcus aureus Isolates.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
3. POEPPL W, Tobudic S, Lingscheid T, Plasenzotti R, et al.
Efficacy of Fosfomycin in Experimental Osteomyelitis Due to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
4. PASTAGIA M, Euler C, Chahales P, Fuentes-Duculan J, et al.
A Novel Chimeric Lysin shows superiority to Mupirocin for Skin Decolonization of Antibiotic Resistant (MRSA) and Sensitive (MSSA) Staphylococcus aureus.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
5. JEENA PM, Bishai WR, Pasipanodya JG, Gumbo T, et al.
In silico Children and the Glass Mouse: Clinical Trial Simulations to Identify and Individualize Optimal Isoniazid Doses in Children With Tuberculosis.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
6. SEIDL K, Bayer AS, Fowler VG Jr, McKinnell JA, et al.
Combinatorial Phenotypic Signatures Distinguish Persistent from Resolving Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia Isolates.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
7. DUBEE V, Chau F, Arthur M, Garry L, et al.
The in vitro Contribution of Autolysins to Bacterial Killing Elicited by Amoxicillin Increases with Inoculum Size in Enterococcus faecalis.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
8. AKTAS G, Derbentli S.
In vitro Activity of Dalbavancin against Staphylococci Isolated in Istanbul, Turkey.
Chemotherapy. 2010;56:444-447.
ABSTRACT available
9. ENSOR CR, Shiekh F, Conte JV.
The risk of ventricular-assist device infections differs by device type.
Clin Infect Dis. 2010;51:632-3.
10. MEDDINGS J, Rogers MA, Macy M, Saint S, et al.
Systematic review and meta-analysis: reminder systems to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infections and urinary catheter use in hospitalized patients.
Clin Infect Dis. 2010;51:550-60.
ABSTRACT available
11. LAMAN M, Manning L, Hwaiwhange I, Vince J, et al.
Lumbar Puncture in Children from an Area of Malaria Endemicity Who Present with a Febrile Seizure.
Clin Infect Dis. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
12. NUCCI M, Queiroz-Telles F, Tobon AM, Restrepo A, et al.
Epidemiology of opportunistic fungal infections in Latin America.
Clin Infect Dis. 2010;51:561-70.
ABSTRACT available
13. FENOLLAR F, Mediannikov O, Socolovschi C, Bassene H, et al.
Tropheryma whipplei bacteremia during fever in rural West Africa.
Clin Infect Dis. 2010;51:515-21.
ABSTRACT available
14. GREUB G.
A new piece added to the whipple puzzle: Tropheryma Whipplei primary infection
with bacteremia and cough.
Clin Infect Dis. 2010;51:522-4.
15. CHATZIGEORGIOU KS, Ikonomopoulou C, Kalogeropoulou S, Siafakas N, et al.
Two successfully treated cases of Staphylococcus lugdunensis endocarditis.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2010;68:445-8.
ABSTRACT available
16. CHATZIGEORGIOU KS, Siafakas N, Petinaki E, Argyropoulou A, et al.
Identification of staphylococci by Phoenix: validation of a new protocol and
comparison with Vitek 2.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2010;68:375-81.
ABSTRACT available
17. EUN BW, Kim SJ, Cho EY, Lee J, et al.
Genetic structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from children in a
tertiary care university hospital, in Korea, 1995 to 2005.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2010;68:345-51.
ABSTRACT available
18. BORNSCHEIN J, Selgrad M, Warnecke M, Kuester D, et al.
H. pylori Infection Is a Key Risk Factor for Proximal Gastric Cancer.
Dig Dis Sci. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
19. YANG H, He H, Dong Y.
CARD9 Syk-dependent and Raf-1 Syk-independent signaling pathways in target
recognition of Candida albicans by Dectin-1.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
20. MENNINK-KERSTEN MA, Ruegebrink D, Verweij PE, Steinbach WJ, et al.
Calcineurin-dependent galactomannan release in Aspergillus fumigatus.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
21. KITTANG BR, Skrede S, Langeland N, Haanshuus CG, et al.
emm gene diversity, superantigen gene profiles and presence of SlaA among
clinical isolates of group A, C and G streptococci from western Norway.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
22. CHU YT, Wang YH, Wu JJ, Lei HY, et al.
Invasion and multiplication of Helicobacter pylori in gastric epithelial cells
and implications for antibiotic resistance.
Infect Immun. 2010;78:4157-65.
ABSTRACT available
23. SHANNON O, Morgelin M, Rasmussen M.
Platelet activation and biofilm formation by Aerococcus urinae, an
endocarditis-causing pathogen.
Infect Immun. 2010;78:4268-75.
ABSTRACT available
24. YANG X, Lenhart TR, Kariu T, Anguita J, et al.
Characterization of unique regions of Borrelia burgdorferi surface-located
membrane protein 1.
Infect Immun. 2010;78:4477-87.
ABSTRACT available
25. RAGHAVAN S, Ostberg AK, Flach CF, Ekman A, et al.
Sublingual immunization protects against Helicobacter pylori infection and
induces T and B cell responses in the stomach.
Infect Immun. 2010;78:4251-60.
ABSTRACT available
26. ANTONARA S, Ristow L, McCarthy J, Coburn J, et al.
Effect of Borrelia burgdorferi OspC at the site of inoculation in mouse skin.
Infect Immun. 2010;78:4723-33.
ABSTRACT available
27. DICKINSON GS, Piccone H, Sun G, Lien E, et al.
Toll-like receptor 2 deficiency results in impaired antibody responses and septic
shock during Borrelia hermsii infection.
Infect Immun. 2010;78:4579-88.
ABSTRACT available
28. SEN B, Meeker A, Ramakrishnan G.
The fslE homolog, FTL_0439 (fupA/B), mediates siderophore-dependent iron uptake
in Francisella tularensis LVS.
Infect Immun. 2010;78:4276-85.
ABSTRACT available
29. GEELHAAR A, Moos V, Schinnerling K, Allers K, et al.
Specific and nonspecific B-cell function in the small intestines of patients with
Whipple's disease.
Infect Immun. 2010;78:4589-92.
ABSTRACT available
30. FELEK S, Tsang TM, Krukonis ES.
Three Yersinia pestis adhesins facilitate Yop delivery to eukaryotic cells and
contribute to plague virulence.
Infect Immun. 2010;78:4134-50.
ABSTRACT available
31. BISHOP AL, Schild S, Patimalla B, Klein B, et al.
Mucosal immunization with Vibrio cholerae outer membrane vesicles provides
maternal protection mediated by antilipopolysaccharide antibodies that inhibit
bacterial motility.
Infect Immun. 2010;78:4402-20.
ABSTRACT available
32. WOLKEWITZ M, Frank U, Philips G, Schumacher M, et al.
Mortality associated with in-hospital bacteraemia caused by Staphylococcus
aureus: a multistate analysis with follow-up beyond hospital discharge.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
33. SABRI M, Hauser R, Ouellette M, Liu J, et al.
Genome annotation and intra-viral interactome of the Streptococcus pneumoniae
virulent phage Dp-1.
J Bacteriol. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
34. HANSON BR, Lowe BA, Neely MN.
Membrane Topology and DNA-binding ability of the Streptococcal CpsA Protein.
J Bacteriol. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
35. UBEDA C, Taur Y, Jenq RR, Equinda MJ, et al.
Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus domination of intestinal microbiota is enabled
by antibiotic treatment in mice and precedes bloodstream invasion in humans.
J Clin Invest. 2010 Nov 22. pii: 43918. doi: 10.1172/JCI43918.
ABSTRACT available
36. MORAND PC, Burgel PR, Carlotti A, Desmazes-Dufeu N, et al.
Mediastinal tuberculosis in an adult patient with cystic fibrosis.
J Clin Microbiol. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
37. PILSCZEK FH, Salina D, Poon KK, Fahey C, et al.
A Novel Mechanism of Rapid Nuclear Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation in
Response to Staphylococcus aureus.
J Immunol. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
38. THEULIN A, Rondeau-Lutz M, Kuhnert C, Boileau J, et al.
Chronic meningococcaemia and immunoglobulin A deficiency.
J Med Microbiol. 2010;59.
ABSTRACT available
39. MICHELL SL, Dean RE, Eyles JE, Hartley MG, et al.
Deletion of the Bacillus anthracis capB homologue in Francisella tularensis
subspecies tularensis generates an attenuated strain that protects mice against
virulent tularaemia.
J Med Microbiol. 2010;59.
ABSTRACT available
40. TASKER S, Peters IR, Mumford AD, Day MJ, et al.
Investigation of human haemotropic Mycoplasma infections using a novel generic
haemoplasma qPCR assay on blood samples and blood smears.
J Med Microbiol. 2010;59.
ABSTRACT available
41. HIV Testing and Treatment Among Tuberculosis Patients --- Kenya, 2006--2009.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010;59:1514-22.
ABSTRACT available
42. Mortality Among Patients with Tuberculosis and Associations with HIV Status ---
United States, 1993--2008.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010;59:1509-13.
ABSTRACT available
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HIV Infection Research - Latest Summary Here
1. AMEDEO HIV Infection
2010-11-29
________________ ** New articles ** _________________
1. MCGRATH CJ, Chung MH, Richardson BA, Benki-Nugent S, et al.
Younger age at HAART initiation is associated with more rapid growth reconstitution.
AIDS. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
2. LI JC, Au KY, Fang JW, Yim HC, et al.
HIV-1 trans-activator protein dysregulates IFN-gamma signaling and contributes to the suppression of autophagy induction.
AIDS. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
3. SANCHEZ J, Sal Y Rosas VG, Hughes JP, Baeten JM, et al.
Male circumcision and risk of HIV acquisition among men who have sex with men.
AIDS. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
4. KANDALA NB, Brodish P, Buckner B, Foster S, et al.
Millennium development goal 6 and HIV infection in Zambia: what can we learn from
successive household surveys?
AIDS. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
5. LORENTE E, Infantes S, Barnea E, Beer I, et al.
TAP-independent human histocompatibility complex-Cw1 antigen processing of an HIV
envelope protein conserved peptide.
AIDS. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
6. PATHANAPITOON K, Riemens A, Kongyai N, Sirirungsi W, et al.
Intraocular and plasma HIV-1 RNA loads and HIV uveitis.
AIDS. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
7. HOWE CJ, Cole SR, Ostrow DG, Mehta SH, et al.
A prospective study of alcohol consumption and HIV acquisition among injection
drug users.
AIDS. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
8. HARRIGAN PR, Geretti AM.
Genotypic tropism testing: evidence-based or leap of faith?
AIDS. 2010.
9. WATERS L, Fisher M, Winston A, Higgs C, et al.
A phase IV, double-blind, multicentre, randomized, placebo-controlled, pilot
study to assess the feasibility of switching individuals receiving efavirenz with
continuing central nervous system adverse events to etravirine.
AIDS. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
10. RALLON NI, Restrepo C, Naggie S, Lopez M, et al.
Interleukin-28B gene polymorphisms do not influence the susceptibility to
HIV-infection or CD4 cell decline.
AIDS. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
11. SALGADO M, Kirk GD, Cox A, Rutebemberwa A, et al.
Protective interleukin-28B genotype affects hepatitis C virus clearance, but does
not contribute to HIV-1 control in a cohort of African-American elite
controllers/suppressors.
AIDS. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
12. GETAHUN H, Granich R, Sculier D, Gunneberg C, et al.
Implementation of isoniazid preventive therapy for people living with HIV
worldwide: barriers and solutions.
AIDS. 2010;24 Suppl 5:S57-65.
13. CHARALAMBOUS S, Grant AD, Innes C, Hoffmann CJ, et al.
Association of isoniazid preventive therapy with lower early mortality in
individuals on antiretroviral therapy in a workplace programme.
AIDS. 2010;24 Suppl 5:S5-13.
ABSTRACT available
14. DUROVNI B, Cavalcante SC, Saraceni V, Vellozo V, et al.
The implementation of isoniazid preventive therapy in HIV clinics: the experience
from the TB/HIV in Rio (THRio) study.
AIDS. 2010;24 Suppl 5:S49-56.
ABSTRACT available
15. LESTER R, Hamilton R, Charalambous S, Dwadwa T, et al.
Barriers to implementation of isoniazid preventive therapy in HIV clinics: a
qualitative study.
AIDS. 2010;24 Suppl 5:S45-8.
ABSTRACT available
16. GRANT AD, Mngadi KT, van Halsema CL, Luttig MM, et al.
Adverse events with isoniazid preventive therapy: experience from a large trial.
AIDS. 2010;24 Suppl 5:S29-36.
ABSTRACT available
17. CHURCHYARD GJ, Fielding KL, Lewis JJ, Chihota VN, et al.
Symptom and chest radiographic screening for infectious tuberculosis prior to
starting isoniazid preventive therapy: yield and proportion missed at screening.
AIDS. 2010;24 Suppl 5:S19-27.
ABSTRACT available
18. GRANT AD, Fielding KL, Charalambous S, Chaisson RE, et al.
Why have trials of isoniazid preventive therapy among people with HIV infection
not demonstrated an effect on mortality?: did close examination of the trees
obscure our view of the wood?
AIDS. 2010;24 Suppl 5:S15-8.
19. ELDRED LJ, Churchyard G, Durovni B, Godfrey-Faussett P, et al.
Isoniazid preventive therapy for HIV-infected people: evidence to support
implementation.
AIDS. 2010;24 Suppl 5:S1-3.
20. SPIVAK A, Rabi A, McMahon MA, Shan L, et al.
Dynamic Constraints on the Second Phase Compartment of HIV-infected Cells.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
21. ALMEIDA J, Letang E, Nhampossa T, Ayala E, et al.
Rapid suppression of HIV-RNA is associated with improved control of immune
activation in a Mozambican adults initiating antiretroviral therapy with low CD4
counts.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
22. PRICE MA, Wallis CL, Lakhi S, Karita E, et al.
Transmitted HIV Type 1 Drug Resistance Among Individuals with Recent HIV
Infection in East and Southern Africa.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
23. FONTAINE J, Poudrier J, Roger M.
Persistence of high blood levels of the chemokines CCL2, CCL19 and CCL20 during
the course of HIV infection.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
24. MESTECKY J, Wright PF, Lopalco L, Staats HF, et al.
Scarcity or Absence of Humoral Immune Responses in the Plasma and Cervicovaginal
Lavage Fluids of Heavily HIV-1-Exposed But Persistently Seronegative Women.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
25. EL ANNAZ H, Recordon-Pinson P, Baba N, Sedrati O, et al.
Presence of drug resistance mutations among drug-naive patients in Morocco.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
26. MONTEIRO JP, Araujo AF, Santos ED, Galvao-Castro B, et al.
LACK OF HIGH-LEVEL RESISTANCE MUTATIONS IN HIV-1 BF RECOMBINANT STRAINS
CIRCULATING IN NORTHEAST BRAZIL.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
27. TRUONG HH, Fritz K, McFarland W, Hartogensis W, et al.
Recent HIV-1 Infection Among Participants in a Same-Day Mobile Testing Pilot
Study in Zimbabwe.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
28. FRANCA RF, Castro-Jorge LA, Jorge DM, Neto RP, et al.
Genotypic characteristics of HIV-1 based on gp120 hypervariable region 3 of
isolates from southern Brazil.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
29. IWERIEBOR B, Bessong PO, Mavhandu GL, Masebe TM, et al.
Genetic analysis of the near full-length genome of an HIV type1 A1/C unique
recombinant from northern South Africa.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
30. NATUKUNDA E, Musiime V, Ssali F, Kizito H, et al.
A Case of Cryptococcal Lymphadenitis in an HIV-Infected Child.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
31. VAN DER KUYL AC, Jurriaans S, Back NK, Sprenger HG, et al.
Unusual Cluster of HIV Type 1 Dual Infections in Groningen, the Netherlands.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
32. YANG OO, Daar ES, Ng HL, Shih R, et al.
Increasing CTL Targeting of Conserved Sequences During Early HIV-1 Infection Is
Correlated to Decreasing Viremia.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
33. JEENA PM, Bishai WR, Pasipanodya JG, Gumbo T, et al.
In silico Children and the Glass Mouse: Clinical Trial Simulations to Identify
and Individualize Optimal Isoniazid Doses in Children With Tuberculosis.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
34. MOHAMEDBHAI SG, Sibson K, Marafioti T, Kayani I, et al.
Rituximab in combination with CODOX-M/IVAC: a retrospective analysis of 23 cases
of non-HIV related B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma with proliferation index >95%
Br J Haematol. 2010 Nov 24. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08447.
ABSTRACT available
35. MUELLER SM, Spriewald BM, Bergmann S, Eismann K, et al.
Influence of Major HIV-1 Protease Inhibitor Resistance Mutations on CTL
Recognition.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
36. LE CLERC S, Coulonges C, Delaneau O, Van Manen D, et al.
Screening Low Frequency SNPS From Genome Wide Association Study Reveals A New
Risk Allele for Progression to Aids.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
37. LIU FL, Qiu YQ, Li H, Kuang YQ, et al.
An HIV-1 Resistance Polymorphism in TRIM5alpha Gene among Chinese Intravenous
Drug Users.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
38. KLAUSNER JD, Serenata C, O'bra H, Mattson CL, et al.
Scale-up and Continuation of Antiretroviral Therapy in South African Treatment
Programs, 2005-2009.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
39. LOUTFY MR, Genebat M, Moore D, Raboud J, et al.
A CD4+ cell count <200 cells per cubic millimeter at 2 years after initiation of
combination antiretroviral therapy is associated with increased mortality in
HIV-infected individuals with viral suppression.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010;55:451-9.
ABSTRACT available
40. KYEYUNE R, den Boon S, Cattamanchi A, Davis JL, et al.
Causes of early mortality in HIV-infected TB suspects in an East African referral
hospital.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010;55:446-50.
ABSTRACT available
41. RUEL TD, Kamya MR, Li P, Pasutti W, et al.
Early Virologic Failure and the Development of Antiretroviral Drug Resistance
Mutations in HIV-Infected Ugandan Children.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
42. NAMUKWAYA Z, Mudiope P, Kekitiinwa A, Musoke P, et al.
The Impact of Maternal Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and Short-Course
Combination Antiretrovirals for Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission on
Early Infant Infection Rates at the Mulago National Referral Hospital in Kampala,
Uganda, January 2007 to May 2009.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
43. BALLANA E, Pauls E, Clotet B, Perron-Sierra F, et al.
{beta}5 Integrin Is the Major Contributor to the {alpha}v Integrin-Mediated
Blockade of HIV-1 Replication.
J Immunol. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
44. SILVA RJ, Casseb J, Andreoli MA, Villa LL, et al.
Persistence and clearance of HPV from the penis of men infected and non-infected
with HIV.
J Med Virol. 2011;83:127-31.
ABSTRACT available
45. BHANICH SUPAPOL W, Remis RS, Raboud J, Millson M, et al.
Prevalence and correlates of GB virus C infection in HIV-infected and
HIV-uninfected pregnant women in Bangkok, Thailand.
J Med Virol. 2011;83:33-44.
ABSTRACT available
46. KATZ BZ, Salimi B, Gadd SL, Huang CC, et al.
Differential gene expression of soluble CD8+ T-cell mediated suppression of HIV
replication in three older children.
J Med Virol. 2011;83:24-32.
ABSTRACT available
47. WANG D, Kang XJ, Li LB, Xie QD, et al.
In vitro study on vertical transmission of the HIV-1 gag gene by human sperm.
J Med Virol. 2011;83:16-23.
ABSTRACT available
48. STEERS NJ, Currier JR, Kijak GH, di Targiani RC, et al.
Cell Type-Specific Proteasomal Processing of HIV-1 Gag-p24 Results in an Altered
Epitope Repertoire.
J Virol. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
49. LORENZO-REDONDO R, Borderia AV, Lopez-Galindez C.
Dynamics of HIV-1 "in vitro" fitness recovery.
J Virol. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
50. CRAWFORD H, Matthews PC, Schaefer M, Carlson JM, et al.
The hypervariable HIV-1 capsid protein residues comprise HLA-driven CD8+ T-cell
escape mutations and covarying HLA-independent polymorphisms.
J Virol. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
51. DENNISON SM, Anasti K, Scearce RM, Sutherland L, et al.
Non-neutralizing HIV-1 gp41 envelope cluster II human monoclonal antibodies show
polyreactivity for binding to phospholipids and protein autoantigens.
J Virol. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
52. KELLER PW, Adamson CS, Heymann JB, Freed EO, et al.
The HIV-1 Maturation Inhibitor Bevirimat Stabilizes the Immature Gag Lattice.
J Virol. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
53. XING L, Liang C, Kleiman L.
Coordinate roles of Gag and RNA helicase A in promoting the annealing of tRNALys3
to HIV-1 RNA.
J Virol. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
54. MAJERCIAK V, Uranishi H, Kruhlak M, Pilkington GR, et al.
Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus ORF57 interacts with cellular RNA export
cofactors RBM15 and OTT3 promoting viral ORF59 expression.
J Virol. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
55. MICHAEL NL.
Oral Preexposure Prophylaxis for HIV - Another Arrow in the Quiver?
N Engl J Med. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
56. GRANT RM, Lama JR, Anderson PL, McMahan V, et al.
Preexposure Chemoprophylaxis for HIV Prevention in Men Who Have Sex with Men.
N Engl J Med. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
57. QVIST T, Engsig F, Kronborg G, Larsen CS, et al.
Predictors of unsafe sex among HIV patients in Denmark: A population-based cohort
study.
Scand J Infect Dis. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
58. DOLTER KE, Evans CF, Ellefsen B, Song J, et al.
Immunogenicity, safety, biodistribution and persistence of ADVAX, a prophylactic
DNA vaccine for HIV-1, delivered by in vivo electroporation.
Vaccine. 2010.
ABSTRACT available
59. ZAROCOSTAS J.
New HIV infections fall by a sixth in a decade.
BMJ. 2010;341:c6739.
60. ROEHR B.
HIV drugs halve infection rate in men who have sex with men, study finds.
BMJ. 2010;341:c6737.
61. ROEHR B.
Pope's comment on condom use will help HIV prevention, say activists.
BMJ. 2010;341:c6734.
62. BENDAVID E, Leroux E, Bhattacharya J, Smith N, et al.
The relation of price of antiretroviral drugs and foreign assistance with
coverage of HIV treatment in Africa: retrospective study.
BMJ. 2010;341:c6218.
ABSTRACT available
63. HUNTINGTON S, Chadborn T, Rice B, Brown A, et al.
Travel for HIV care in England: a choice or a necessity?
HIV Med. 2010 Nov 22. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2010.00891.
ABSTRACT available
_____________________ ** End ** ______________________
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